Ceto Temple
Ceto Temple (hanacaraka: ꦕꦼꦛ, the Latin spelling of the Java language: cethå) is patterned Hindu temple allegedly built in the final period of the Majapahit era (15th century AD). The location of the temple on the slopes of Mount Lawu at an altitude of 1496 m above sea level, and is administratively located in the hamlet of Ceto, Gumeng Village, District Jenawi, Karanganyar.
The temple complex is used by locals as well as Hindu pilgrims as a place of worship. This temple is also a place for meditating for the original faiths Java / Kejawen.
discovery
The first scientific report about Ceto temple made by van de Vlies in 1842 AJ Bernet Kempers also do research about it. Excavation (digging) for the benefit of reconstruction and object discovery pent was first performed in 1928 by the Department of Antiquities (Commissie vor Oudheiddienst) Dutch East Indies. Under the circumstances when the ruins began to study, this temple has an estimated age is not much different from Sukuh, which is quite close location.
Ceto temple gate
When the state discovered the stone ruins of this temple is the 14 patio / terraced punden, extending from the west (the lower) to the east, although at just 13 patio, and restoration carried out on the porch just nine. The structure having terraces ("punden staircase") raises a presumption of syncretism original culture of the archipelago with Hinduism. This suspicion is strengthened by aspects of iconography. The shape of the human body on the reliefs resembling a puppet, with a side view face but the body tends to look ahead. Similar depiction, which shows the characteristic period of the history of Hindu-Buddhist end, found in Sukuh.
Restoration in the late 1970s made unilaterally by Sudjono Humardani, personal assistant Suharto (Indonesia's second president) changed a lot of the original structure of the temple, though the concept is maintained punden staircase. The restoration was widely criticized by archaeologists, given that the restoration of archaeological sites can not be done without a thorough study. Some new objects are considered the results of the original restoration is magnificent gate in the front of the complex, the buildings of wooden hermitage, the sculptures are attributed as Sabdapalon, Nayagenggong, Brawijaya V, as well as the phallus, and building cubes at the top punden.
Furthermore, Regent Karanganyar 2003-2008 period, Rina Iriani, with reason to embellish the religious fervor around the temple, put a statue of Goddess Saraswati, the contribution of the Gianyar Regency, on the eastern part of the temple complex, on punden higher than building the cube.
The composition of the building
The inscription on the gate to the porch-7
In its present state, Ceto temple complex consists of nine levels of terraces. Before the big arch shaped temple briefly, visitors found two pairs of statues guard. One level after the entrance gate (ie the third terrace) is a temple courtyard. The second level is still a page. At the third level there are petilasan Ki Ageng Krincingwesi, Ceto ancestral village community.
Before entering the fifth level (seventh terrace), on the right wall of the gate there is an inscription (inscription on the stone) with Javanese script Old Javanese language reads pelling padamel irikang tirtasunya book hawakira yes sometimes lost saka wiku goh anaut iku 1397. This paper is interpreted as a function of the temple to purify themselves (ruwat) and the mention of the year of manufacture of the gate, which is 1397 Saka or 1475 AD. In the seventh terrace there is a flat stone settings at ground level which depicts a giant tortoise, solar Majapahit (allegedly as a symbol of the Majapahit), and the symbol of the phallus (penis, male genitalia) 2 meter fitted with a decorative piercing (piercing) of type ampallang. The turtle is the symbol of the creation of the universe, while the penis is a symbol of the creation of man. There are depictions of other animals, such as mimi, frogs, and crabs. Animal symbols that exist, can be read as suryasengkala framed in Saka 1373, or 1451 of the modern era. Can be interpreted that the temple complex was built in stages or through several renovations.
At the next level can be found in the ranks of rock that contains two adjacent plains footage relief Sudamala story, as there are also in Sukuh. This story is still popular among the Java community as a basis ruwatan ceremony. The next level includes two buildings that flank the entrance of the hall of the temple. Until now, the gazebo-gazebo used for religious ceremonies pelangsungan. At the seventh level can be found the two statues on the north side and the south. On the north side is a statue Nayagenggong Sabdapalon and in the south, two half-mythical figures (many consider the fact they are the same character) is believed to be the man and spiritual adviser to the King Brawijaya V.
At the eighth level there phallus statues (called "kuntobimo") on the north side and the statue of King Brawijaya V in the form of Mahadeva. The cult of the phallus statues symbolize gratitude and hope of abundant fertility local earth. Aras last (ninth) is the highest level as a place of prayer climbing. Here there is a cube-shaped stone building.
At the top there is a temple complex Ceto building which in the past was used as a place to clean themselves before carrying out rituals of worship (patirtan). In the northeast of the temple, with the down slope, found a complex of buildings of the temple which is now referred to as the Temple Kethek ("Monkey Temple").
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